Методические рекомендации по выполнению самостоятельной работы по дисциплине «Иностранный язык»

КОНТРОЛЬНЫЕ ЗАДАНИЯ ПО РАЗДЕЛУ «ПРОБЛЕМЫ СОВРЕМЕННОГО ЧЕЛОВЕЧЕСТВА»

ВАРИАНТ 1

Прочитайте текст и письменно ответьте на вопрос «What segments of the population are at greater risk for AIDS?»

AIDS

AIDS, acquired immune deficiency syndrome, is an epidemic that has already killed thousands of people worldwide. It is a life threatening disease and has become a major public health issue. The AIDS virus is contagious and is found in several body fluids. It is transmitted from one person to another primarily through sexual contact, but the virus can also be contracted through sharing intravenous needles and syringes. The AIDS virus attacks the immune system and interferes with a person's ability to fight off other diseases. With a compromised immune system, the person is at greater risk for becoming infected by bacteria, and other viruses, which may lead to life threatening diseases such as pneumonia, meningitis and cancer.

The two most frequently seen AIDS related infections are pneumocystic carinii pneumonia (PCP) and Kaposi's sarcoma. A patient with PCP will experience a persistent cough, fever, shortness of breath, and difficulty breathing. Multiple purple blotches and bumps on the skin maybe a sign of Kaposi's sarcoma. The AIDS virus may also attack the nervous system, causing damage to the brain. These patients may experience memory loss, indifference, loss of coordination, and partial paralysis or mental disorders.

AIDS still remains a mysterious disease in many ways, but resear­chers have been able to identify how AIDS affects the body on a cellular level. The AIDS virus enters the blood stream and attacks specific white blood cells called

T-Lymphocytes. After attacking the T-lymphocytes, the virus multiples. The T-Lymphocytes are then no longer able to work as cell defenders. The immune system becomes weakened allowing the body to become more prone to many diseases. There is cur­rently no cure or vaccine for the AIDS virus.

Knowing the facts about AIDS can prevent the spread of the dis­ease. People must be responsible for their sexual behavior and must avoid the use of intravenous drugs. AIDS has a great impact on cer­tain segments of the population. Homosexual men are at greater risk, аs are people who have multiple sexual partners. Also at risk are any children born to women who carry the virus. Nurses must educate people on how AIDS is transmitted, the risks of infection, and how to prevent it.

1. Выпишите из текста синонимы к следующим словам и словосочетаниям:

1. 
   all over the world
   
2. 
   dangerous for life
   
3. 
   above all
   
4. 
   to get virus
   
5. 
   to cure / to recover from
   

2. Выпишите из текста словосочетания со словом “disease”. Переведите их.

3. Найдите в тексте английские эквиваленты следующих слов и словосочетаний .

1. 
   Синдром приобретённого иммунного дефицита;
   
2. 
   опасное для жизни заболевание;
   
3. 
   контагиозный /заразный вирус;
   
4. 
   передаваться от одного человека другому;
   
5. 
   заразиться инфекционной болезнью;
   
6. 
   поражать/воздействовать на иммунную систему,
   
7. 
   пневмония,
   
8. 
   менингит;
   
9. 
   испытывать непрекращающийся кашель,
   
10. 
    испытывать отдышку,
    

4.Заполните пропуски в предложениях соответствующими модальными глаголами (can, may, must, can, may).

1. 
   People ... be responsible for their sexual behavior.
   
2. 
   The AIDS virus ... also attack the nervous system.
   
3. 
   Knowing the facts about AIDS ... prevent the spread of the disease.
   

КОНТРОЛЬНЫЕ ЗАДАНИЯ ПО РАЗДЕЛУ «ПРОБЛЕМЫ СОВРЕМЕННОГО ЧЕЛОВЕЧЕСТВА»

ВАРИАНТ 2

Прочитайте текст и письменно ответьте на вопрос «What can help to prevent the spread of AIDS?»
AIDS

AIDS, acquired immune deficiency syndrome, is an epidemic that has already killed thousands of people worldwide. It is a life threatening disease and has become a major public health issue. The AIDS virus is contagious and is found in several body fluids. It is transmitted from one person to another primarily through sexual contact, but the virus can also be contracted through sharing intravenous needles and syringes. The AIDS virus attacks the immune system and interferes with a person's ability to fight off other diseases. With a compromised immune system, the person is at greater risk for becoming infected by bacteria, and other viruses, which may lead to life threatening diseases such as pneumonia, meningitis and cancer.

The two most frequently seen AIDS related infections are pneumocystic carinii pneumonia (PCP) and Kaposi's sarcoma. A patient with PCP will experience a persistent cough, fever, shortness of breath, and difficulty breathing. Multiple purple blotches and bumps on the skin maybe a sign of Kaposi's sarcoma. The AIDS virus may also attack the nervous system, causing damage to the brain. These patients may experience memory loss, indifference, loss of coordination, and partial paralysis or mental disorders.

AIDS still remains a mysterious disease in many ways, but resear¬chers have been able to identify how AIDS affects the body on a cellular level. The AIDS virus enters the blood stream and attacks specific white blood cells called

T-Lymphocytes. After attacking the T-lymphocytes, the virus multiples. The T-Lymphocytes are then no longer able to work as cell defenders. The immune system becomes weakened allowing the body to become more prone to many diseases. There is cur¬rently no cure or vaccine for the AIDS virus.

Knowing the facts about AIDS can prevent the spread of the dis¬ease. People must be responsible for their sexual behavior and must avoid the use of intravenous drugs. AIDS has a great impact on cer¬tain segments of the population. Homosexual men are at greater risk, аs are people who have multiple sexual partners. Also at risk are any children born to women who carry the virus. Nurses must educate people on how AIDS is transmitted, the risks of infection, and how to prevent it.

1. Выпишите из текста синонимы к следующим словам и словосочетаниям:

often

to feel

to get into

to become predisposed to

influence
2. Выпишите из текста словосочетания со словом “virus”. Переведите их.

3. Найдите в тексте английские эквиваленты следующих слов и словосочетаний .

1. 
   многочисленные пятна и шишки;
   
2. 
   вызывать повреждения мозга;
   
3. 
   потеря памяти;
   
4. 
   потеря координации;
   
5. 
   безразличие / индифферентность к... ;
   
6. 
   частичный паралич;
   
7. 
   умственное расстройство;
   
8. 
   поражать органы на клеточном уровне;
   
9. 
   распространение заболевания;
   
10. 
    применять лекарство / наркотик внутривенно.
    

4. Заполните пропуски в предложениях соответствующими модальными глаголами (can, may, must, can, may).

1. People ... be responsible for their sexual behavior.

2. The AIDS virus ... be transmitted from one person to another primarily through sexual contact.

3. Multiple purple blotches and bumps on the skin ... be a sign of Kaposi's sarcoma.