Учебно-методическое пособие Краснодар Кубгау 2016 удк 811. 111: 635. 9(078) ббк 81. 2Англ

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Название	Учебно-методическое пособие Краснодар Кубгау 2016 удк 811. 111: 635. 9(078) ббк 81. 2Англ
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Тип	Учебно-методическое пособие

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than – чем Moscow is larger than St.-Petersburg.

as…as – так(ой)же…как He is as young as my brother.
not so…as – не так(ой)…как This train goes not so quickly as that one.
the more…the better – чем…тем The more you work the better you know the

language.

much, far – намного, гораздо, The husband was much older than the wife.

значительно

a bit, a little – немного Could you speak a bit louder?

I. Take this Comparatives/Superlatives Quiz. Fill in the gaps:

The blue car is ______ than the red car.

This is _______ than that one.

Mt. Everest is _____ than Mt Fuji.

This is the ______ shirt in the store.

The Mona Lisa is one of the ______ paintings in this museum.

Michael Jordan is the _______ basketball player.

This is the ______ book in the store.

That was the __________ exam I had all semester.

Oxygen is the __________ natural resource.

A blue whale is the ________ animal in the world.

more fast
more faster
faster
fast

more interesting
interestinger
more interest
interesting

more high
highest
higher
more higher

expensivest
most expensive
most expensiver
more expensive

more beautifuler
most beautiful
beautifuler
most beauty

most best
best
most better
more better

worse
most bad
baddest
worst

more difficult
difficultest
most difficult
most difficultest

cheapest
most cheap
more cheapest
more cheaper

heaviest
most heavy
most heaviest
heaver

II. Open the brackets using Comparatives or Superlatives:
1. The Trans-Siberian railway is (long) in the world. 2. The 22^nd of December is the (short) day of the year. 3. Iron is (useful) of all metals. 4. The Volga is (wide) and (deep) than the Neva River. 5. Elbrus is the (high) peak in the Caucasian Mountains. 6. His theory is (practical) than yours. 7. Moscow is the (large) city in Russia. 8. Yesterday was the (cold) day we have had this winter.
III. Fill in the gaps with as…as or so…as:
1. The temperature today is … high … it was yesterday. 2. He is not … old … he looks. 3. He is … strong … his brother. 4. This street is … wide … the next one. 5. The luggage is not … heavy … I expected. 6. His TV set is not … powerful … mine. 7. She is … tall … her mother. 8. In Novgorod it is not … hot … in Rostov.
IV. Read and act out the dialogue:
The City and the Country
David: How do you like living in the big city?

Maria: There are many things that are better than living in the country!

David: Can you give me some examples?

Maria: Well, it certainly is more interesting than the country. There is so much more

to do and see!

David: Yes, but the city is more dangerous than the country.

Maria: That's true. People in the city aren't as open and friendly as those in the countryside.

David: I'm sure that the country is more relaxed, too!

Maria: Yes, the city is busier than the country. However, the country is much slower

than the city.

David: I think that's a good thing!

Maria: Oh, I don't. The country is so slow and boring! It's much more boring than the city.

David: How about the cost of living? Is the country cheaper than the city?

Maria: Oh, yes. The city is more expensive than the country.

David: Life in the country is also much healthier than in the city.

Maria: Yes, it's cleaner and less dangerous in the country. But, the city is so much more

exciting. It's faster, crazier and more fun than the country.

David: I think YOU are crazy for moving to the city.

Maria: Well, I'm young now. Maybe when I'm married and have children I'll move back

to the country.
Word Study

Listen, read and memorize:

1) build (built, built)

2) belong

3) study
4) reveal

5) vary

6) size

7) huge

8) mainly

9) according (to)
10) bear (bore, borne)
11) relative

12) represent
13) cotyledon

14) liverwort

15) vascular tissue

16) angiosperm
17) gymnosperm
18) pteridophyte
19) nutrient
20) trachea

21) bryophyte
22) hornwort

23) genus (pl genera)

24) by means of

25) contain

строить

принадлежать

изучение, исследование

обнаруживать

разниться

размер

огромный

в основном

согласно, в соответствии (с)

рождать, производить

родственник

представлять, изображать

семядоля

печеночный мох

проводящая ткань

покрытосемянное растение

голосемянное растение

папоротникообразное растение

питательное вещество

древесинный сосуд

мохообразное растение

роголистник

род

посредством

содержать

26) quantity

27) vital

28) thrive (throve, thriven)

29) moist

30) wet

31) environment

32.)tiny

33) slender

34) plain land
35) rocks

36) mild

37) superior

38) cool

39) dry

40) hot

41) damp

42) existence

43) scientific researches

44) embryo

45) food supply

46) enclose

47) seed covering

48) cone

49) instead of

50) within

51) female

52) shrub

53) vegetation

54) varied

55) trait

количество

жизненно важный

процветать, разрастаться

влажный

мокрый

окружающая среда

крошечный

тонкий, стройный

гладкая, ровная местность

камни

мягкий, умеренный

лучший

прохладный

сухой

жаркий, горячий

влажный, сырой

существование

научные исследования

эмбрион, зародыш

запас еды

окружать, заключать

семенная оболочка

шишка

вместо (чего-либо)

внутри, в пределах

женский

кустарник, куст

растительность

разнообразный

черта, особенность

Give the Russian equivalents to the following words and word combinations:

fundamental, block, form, microscopic, classify, type, reproduce, spore, criterion, basis, to transport, collectively, genetic matter, region, tropic regions, identify

Translate the following word combinations into Russian:

fundamental building blocks; scientific study; at least 500,000 species; vary in size; huge sequoia trees; spore bearing plants; seed bearing plants; according to this criterion; as follows; on the basis of the presence or absence; by means of spores; a small quantity of vital genetic matter; simple stems; tiny, slender leaves; mild, damp regions; hot, damp tropic regions; around 15,000 species; according to scientific researches; cones instead of flowers; within female cones; majority of gymnosperms; land vegetation; till now; the distinguishing trait

Match the verb and its synonym:

1) build

2) belong

3) reveal

4) vary

5) bear

6) represent

7) contain

8) thrive

9) enclose

a) uncover

b) show

c) include

d) construct

e) prosper

f) differ

g) cover

h) relate to

i) produce

Match the word and its definition:

1) study

2) relative

3) angiosperm

4) gymnosperm

5) pteridophyte

6) bryophyte

7) genus

8) environment

9) existence

10) cone

11) shrub

a) any of a large group of plants that produce flowers

b) a class of flowerless plants, embracing ferns and other like plants

c) division of plants or animals within a family

d) a person to whom one is related (an uncle or aunt, etc.)

e) fruit of certain evergreen trees

f) manner of living

g) non-vascular plants

h) plant with woody stem, lower than a tree, and with several separate stems

i) that which is investigated

j) the combination of external physical conditions that affect and influence the growth, development, and survival of organisms

k) plants having naked seeds

Fill in the blanks with the appropriate words:

These animals are difficult to detect since they feed ____ at night and hide in older vegetation during the day.
Seen from the sky, the river looked like a ____ snake.
They absorb many useful ____ by which to supply their own growth.
They arrived in France ____ airplane.
A huge tree starts from a ____ seedling.
If you want to learn more about landscaping ____, you should read this article.
They have ____ climate due to the warm air of the Gulf Stream.
I hung my clothes back out to dry as they were still ____.
____ of having soft coral-pink flowers, you can have bright rosy-red ones.
He was surprised to learn that some types of ____ are able to live in that harsh climate.
I was dressed ____ the ten minutes, and came out.
Shyness is one of her noticeable ____.

(vegetation, by means of, damp, huge, within, rocks, traits, nutrients, tiny, instead, mild, mainly)

Read Text A and answer the question:

– What is the main feature of flowering plants?
Text A

Types of Plants: Plant Classification
Plants are the fundamental building blocks of life on earth. Plants are life forms belonging to the kingdom Plantae. The scientific study has revealed at least 500,000 species of plants. The types of plants vary in size from microscopic algae, to huge sequoia trees more than 8m (26 ft) tall.

Plant Kingdom is mainly classified into two. This type of plant classification is done according to how they reproduce:

1) Spore bearing plants (algae, mosses, ferns and their relatives)

2) Seed bearing plants (сonifers and flowering plants).

Plant classification according to this criterion, can be represented as follows:

Plant kingdom: Spore Bearing Plants and Seed Bearing Plants;

Spore Bearing Plants: Algae, Mosses (Liverworts), and Ferns;

Seed Bearing Plants: Flowering Plants (Angiosperms) and Conifers (Gymnosperms);

Angiosperms: Monocotyledons and Dicotyledons.

The plant kingdom can also be classified on the basis of the presence or absence of vascular tissue. Ferns (pteridophytes), gymnosperms and angiosperms have vascular tissue which transports the nutrients and water through the plant. They are collectively known as tracheophytes. Mosses, liverworts, hornworts (bryophytes) are non-vascular, i.e. they do not have vascular tissue to transport sugar, water and nutrients.

Spore Bearing Plants

Algae, mosses, ferns and their genus all reproduce by means of spores. Each spore contains a small quantity of vital genetic matter.

Algae

The simplest plants of this type are algae. They do not have leaves, stems or roots. Algae thrive in a moist or wet environment.

Mosses

Mosses and most liverworts have simple stems and tiny, slender leaves. They can be found growing on the plain land, on rocks, and on other plants. They live in mild, damp regions, but some can live in very cold places.

Ferns

Ferns are the most superior spore bearing type of plants. Many ferns grow in cool, dry places but the largest ones are found in the hot, damp tropic regions. Around 15,000 species of ferns are there in existence now according to scientific researches.

Seed Bearing Plants

Plants that reproduce by means of seeds belong to this type of plants. Conifers or gymnosperms and flowering plants or angiosperms reproduce by seeds. Each seed contains an embryo and a food supply. This is enclosed by a seed covering.

Conifers

Сonifers are plants that have cones instead of flowers. Their seeds grow within female cones. The majority of gymnosperms are trees or shrubs.

Flowering plants

Flowering plants are the most varied part of land vegetation. There are at least 250,000 kinds of flowering plants identified till now. The distinguishing trait of flowering plants or angiosperms is the flower.

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