Раздел 7. Обслуживание.
Содержание учебного материала
Лексика: Слова, клише и выражения по темам:
Тема 7.1 Планирование меню.
Тема 7.2 Сервировка стола.
Тема 7.3 Выбор правильного вина.
Грамматика: Perfect Tenses. Многозначность глаголов: be, have. Предлоги.
Фонетика: Нейтральные звуки.
Методические указания по изучению раздела 7.
Прочитайте и устно переведите текст на русский язык.
Menu Planning
The menu is a listing of the items the food service establishment has for sale. The menu is an important component of food service operations. Without a menu the customers will not know what their choice is for dishes to order. The menu creates an image of the establishment. It should be in harmony with the type of the food service establishment. For example, fast-food or quick-service restaurants offer a limited number of menu items but they sell these items in large quantities. Their customers are served at a sales counter that is why separate menus are not needed. Customers are familiar with the standardized menu and do not need its description. Fast- food restaurants simply post names and prices of their products near the sales counters.
On the other hand, a big restaurant would have an altogether different menu. First, the number of menu items would be much greater. The traditional table-service restaurant might have a menu as large as a book with detailed descriptions of its wide range of dishes. To draw attention to daily specials some restaurants find it useful to box these items on the menu or to write them on a chalkboard near the entrance.
The menu planning is organized on the basis of the available food products and kitchen staff. The service transfers the menu items from the kitchen staff to the customers. In order to properly serve customers, the servers should be ready to answer their questions. They should know what items are on the menu, the portion sizes offered, how the items are prepared. Service should also know the meaning of all terms used on the menu so they can explain them to any customers.
The menu is generally designed by the chef (head cook) of the restaurant. The structure of the menu is usually based on following courses:
Starters
Soups
Entrees
Main courses
Desserts
When a chef designs a menu, he (she) usually starts with the main course and then plans the other courses.
There are four basic types of menus:
A la carte menu allows the customer to choose dishes which are cooked to order and served to the guests.
Table d'hote menu offers a limited choice of dishes. The guests have to take the whole meal consisting of three or four dishes and pay a fixed price.
Carte du jour means "card of the day" and the dishes of this menu are served on this day only.
Cycle menu is a number of menus, which are repeated in a certain period of time. It is usually used in hospitals, student and school canteens.
Словарь к тексту
Listing перечень
Item зд. блюдо
food service establishment предприятие общественного питания
sales counter прилавок, стойка
to post вывешивать
to box помещать в рамку
available имеющийся (в распоряжении)
properly должным образом
server обслуживающий персонал
to design разрабатывать
entree горячая закуска; горячее блюдо
chef шеф-повар
a la carte а-ля карт (выбор блюд по меню)
table d'hote табльдот (комплексный обед, ужин)
carte du jour меню на данный день
cycle menu циклическое меню
Лексические упражнения
1. Найдите в тексте английские эквиваленты следующих словосочетаний и выражений:
предприятия общественного питания, важный компонент обслуживания, создает представление (имидж), ресторан быстрого обслуживания, ограниченное количество блюд в меню, традиционный ресторан с обслуживанием столов, детальное описание, привлечь внимание, блюдо дня, имеющиеся в распоряжении продукты питания, работники кухни, чтобы надлежащим образом обслужить гостей, шеф-повар разрабатывает меню, обслуживающий персонал
2. Найдите в тексте английские эквиваленты следующих слов и выражений:
1. Меню — это перечень наименований блюд, предлагаемых предприятием общественного питания. 2. Рестораны быстрого питания предлагают ограниченное количество блюд. 3. Гости не нуждаются в описании блюд, так как они хорошо знакомы с меню. 4. Чтобы привлечь внимание гостей к фирменным блюдам, некоторые рестораны пишут их названия на доске около входа. 5. Меню планируется на базе имеющихся в наличии продуктов и персонала кухни. 6. Официанты должны уметь объяснить гостям состав каждого блюда. 7. Меню разрабатывается шеф- поваром ресторана. 8. Шеф-повар обычно начинает планирование меню с основного блюда.
3. Прочитайте диалоги по ролям и переведите, используя лексику раздела:
Family Dinner
Joan: I'm so hungry. Have you set the table yet?
Mother-in-law: Yes, I have.
Joan: Is dinner ready?
Mother-in-law: Yes, it's ready. Look at the table.
Joan: The table looks perfectly and the smell is wonderful.
Mother-in-law: Will you have some soup?
Joan: Yes, thank you.
Mother-in-law: We have roast beef for the main course.
Joan: I like the way you make it.
Mother-in-law: I know. Here are some boiled potatoes for you.
Joan: Will you pass me the pepper, please?
Mother-in-law: Here you are. Let me give you a little more roast beef.
Joan: Yes, thank you. It is really very good.
Mother-in-law: Will you have a cup of coffee?
Joan: Yes, thank you. With great pleasure.
Mother-in-law: Shall I put milk and sugar in it?
Joan: No, thank you, I don't like coffee with milk and sugar.
Sam's Breakfast
Mother: Help yourself to the porridge, Sam.
Sam: I'd better have a couple of hamburgers, Mum.
Mother: You must have a proper meal, dear, otherwise you'll have problems with your health.
Sam: Is there any cheese left, Mum? Make me a cheese sandwich.
Mother: Will you have a cup of tea?
Sam: No, thank you. I have had a bottle of Coca-Cola already.
Mother: Next time you won't have any Coca-Cola or other artificial products for breakfast.
Sam: What's wrong with it, Mum?
Mother: You know, this kind of food is not good for our stomach.
Sam: Why?
Mother: Because it's full of different additives: artificial colourings, flavourings and so on.
Грамматические упражнения
1. Дайте положительные и отрицательные ответы на вопросы:
Образец: Have you ever been to London ? — Yes, 1 have been to London this year./No, I have never been to London.
Have you ever been to Paris? 2. Have you ever seen the tiger? 3. Have you ever eaten the oysters? 4. Have you ever drunk the French champagne? 5. Have you ever cooked the polenta? 6. Have you ever tasted the lobster? 7. Have you ever made the charlotte? 8. Have you ever tried the doner kebab?
2. Ответьте на вопросы, употребляя Future Perfect:
Образец:
Have you done your homework ? — Not yet. But I shall have done it by 3 о 'clock.
Have you boiled the vegetables? (by 2 o'clock) 2. Have you laid the table? (by the time the guests come) 3. Have you translated the text? (by 5 o'clock tomorrow) 4. Has he finished to read my book? (by tomorrow)
3. Дополните предложения, употребляя Past Perfect:
Образец: Kate had laid the table before the guests came.
1. ... before it began to rain. 2.... before her mother came home. 3.... by 5 o'clock.
4. I didn't want to go to the cinema because....
4. Переведите на русский язык, обращая внимание на многозначность глагола to have:
Не has blue eyes. 2. I've got a headache. 3. We have to go shopping today. 4. They have been to London this year. 5. I haven't got a camera. 6. Do you have to go to work today? 7. My friend has bought a car lately. 8. There was no bus, so I had to walk home. 9. In our country men have to do military service. 10. How long have you lived in Moscow? 11. When I came home, mother had already cooked dinner. 12. Did he have to go to work last Monday? 13. Have you had dinner yet? 14. I'd like to have a snack.
5. Переведите на русский язык, обращая внимание на многозначность глагола to be:
My brother is not married. 2. I'm 18. 3. There are twenty students in our group. 4. What are you going to do tonight? 5. I was working when she came. 6. This house was built 100 years ago. 7. I am never invited to parties. 8. There was a good film on TV yesterday evening. 9. We won't be at home tomorrow. 10. Your task is to set the tables by 3 o'clock. 11. They were to arrive at 4 o'clock. 12. Where have you been in the morning? 13. There were a lot of people in the room. 14. I promise you I'll be in time for the lesson tomorrow.
6. Выберите правильный предлог. Проверить правильность выполнения задания вы можете по ключу в конце задания.
Грамматическая справка.
at - быть, находиться в (колледже)/на (работе)
in – находиться внутри здания, помещения: в городе
on – находиться на предмете, объекте: на реке
from – из ткани, от центра
near – рядом, поблизости
I live on/in a small flat on/in the fourth floor.
Tom lives on/in a farm on/in Kent.
She lives at/in 25, Momon Street.
His flat is at/in Marble Street.
They live at/in London.
Jason lives half a mile from/near the city center.
Her house is from/near the shops.
Is there a supermarket at/in area?
There is a swimming pool on/in the garden.
She lives on/in a village.
We live on/in a houseboat.
The houseboat is on/in the river Thames.
The house is on/in sale.
There is a study on/in the attic.
Chalets are made from/near wood.
Ключ. 1 in, on 2 on, in 3 at 4 in 5 in 6 from 7 near 8 in 9 in 10 in 11 on 12 on 13 on 14 in 15 from
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7. Заполните пропуски предлогами: in, on или at.
Грамматическая справка.
at – употребляется перед временем: at 3 o’clock
in – употребляется с частями суток, временами года, месяцами, годами
on – употребляется с днями недели, датами
… Saturdays Sally always gets up very early 2) … the morning – 3) … about half past six. First, she has a shower, then she gets dressed. After that she goes to the newsagent’s to collect the papers. She finishes her paper round 4) … eight o’clock, then she goes home for breakfast. After breakfast she usually goes shopping with her mum and then 5) … noon, she meets her friends. They sometimes go to the cinema 6) … Saturday afternoons. She usually has dinner with her family 7) … the evening, then she plays computer games. She always goes to bed late 8) … Saturday night.
Вопросы для самопроверки к разделу 7.
Какой вспомогательный глагол во временах группы Perfect?
В какой форме употребляется смысловой глагол во временах группы Perfect?
В каких предложениях требуется вспомогательный глагол в этом времени?
Как образуется время Present Perfect?
Как образуется время Past Perfect?
Как образуется время Future Perfect?
Какие действия передаются временем Present Perfect?
Какие действия передаются временем Past Perfect?
Какие действия передаются временем Future Perfect?
Перечислите все значения глагола be.
Объясните, от чего зависит перевод глагола be.
Перечислите все значения глагола have.
Объясните, от чего зависит перевод глагола have.
Назовите предлоги места и времени.
Раздел 8. Моя профессия - повар.
Содержание учебного материала
Лексика: Слова, клише и выражения по темам:
Тема 8.1 Мой выбор профессии.
Тема 8.2 Поиск работы.
Грамматика: Инфинитив. Герундий.
Фонетика: Отработка межзубных звуков
Методические указания по изучению раздела 8.
Прочитайте и устно переведите текст на русский язык.
You Are Looking for a Job
Some people have part-time jobs, and others have full-time jobs. Some people even have several jobs.
What is a day's work? A day's work means many different things to different people. For a cook, day's work may be 12 — 14 hours. For a waiter the day may begin at 7.00 a.m. and end at 4.00 p.m., or begin at 6.00 p. m. and end at 11.00 p. m. For a manager in a restaurant the day's work may begin at 5.00 p.m. and finish at 1.00 a.m.
When you come to the personnel manager, he/she offers to fill in the application form or to present your resume.
Here are the samples of a resume and an application form.
Resume
Surname (in BLOCK CAPITALS)
First name
Address
Telephone number
Age Sex (tick as appropriate) M F
Date of birth
Nationality Marital status (married/single)
Occupation (job)
Interests (hobby)
Signature Date
Application Form
1. Application date:
2. Name, middle name, surname:
3. Year, date, month and place of birth:
4. Marital status and your children's age:
5. Your home address and telephone: Nearest metro station:
6. Command of foreign languages, how long did you study them:
7. Desired position:
8. Can you work in shifts (from 6 or 7 a.m. or till midnight)?
9. Your present job, since when:
10. Your previous job:
11. Your education and training:
12. What do you expect from working?
13. When could you start working?
14. Your present salary:
15. Desired salary at our restaurant:
16. Your hobby:
Словарь к тексту
part-time job работа с частичной занятостью
full-time job работа с полной занятостью
personnel manager менеджер по персоналу
application form бланк заявления
resume резюме
Лексические упражнения
Заполните приведенные формы резюме и заявления о приеме на работу.
Прочитайте диалоги по ролям и переведите, используя лексику раздела:
It's My Way
Jack: Hey, Nick, are you still working at the steak house?
Nick: I sure am. Just got promoted too.
Jack: Promoted to what? President?
Nick: Don't give me a hard time. Jack. I just got promoted to waiter.
Jack: Maybe you should try another line of work, Nick — something that pays real money.
Nick.: Listen, my pay is getting better, slowly but surely. And I don't mind working hard. At least it's honest work.
Jack: Nick, my friend, I'll never understand you. Nick: But I'm sure it's my way.
At the Personnel Department
Candidate: How do you do?
Manager: How do you do? What can I do for you?
Candidate: I'm looking for a job.
Manager: May I ask you a few questions?
Candidate: Sure.
Manager: What's your name?
Candidate: My name is ....
Manager: How old are you?
Candidate: I'm 21. I was born in 1982.
Manager: What are you?
Candidate: I'm a cook.
Manager: Are you married?
Candidate: I'm single.
Manager: What city are you from?
Candidate: I'm from Moscow.
Manager: What languages do you speak?
Candidate: I can speak Russian and English a little.
Manager: What are your previous jobs?
Candidate: I worked at the Silver Palace restaurant as a cook.
Manager: Why did you quit? And why do you want to join our Vegetarian restaurant?
Candidate: I left my job because I'd like to raise money.
Manager: How much would you like to get?
Candidate: I'd like to get not less than 100 dollars a week.
Manager: How much does it take you to get to us?
Candidate: Forty minutes only.
Manager: All right and now fill in resume in block capitals, please, here it is.
Candidate: Thank you.
Manager: We'll let you know by phone whether you are employed or passed by.
Candidate: OK. Goodbye.
Manager: Goodbye.
Грамматические упражнения
Переведите на английский язык, используя лексику раздела.
1. Чтобы приготовить это блюдо, тебе нужны овощи и растительное масло. 2. Наш долг — приходить на работу вовремя. 3. Найти хорошую работу — моя цель в данный момент. 4. Я надеюсь, что найду партнера для этого дела. 5. Для того чтобы пользоваться этим прибором (device), вы должны внимательно прочесть инструкцию. 6. Он единственный человек, который меня понимает. 7. У меня есть работа, которую я должен сделать сегодня. 8. Вы слишком молоды, чтобы понять меня. 9. Менеджер попросил накрыть стол на 8 персон. 10. Слайсер — это устройство для резки овощей.
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Переведите на русский язык, обращая внимание на способы перевода герундия:
My sister enjoys being alone. 2. Kate likes cooking, but she hates washing up. 3. I hate getting up early. 4. He doesn't mind working on Sunday. 5. It started raining. 6. The soup was very hot and I was afraid of burning my tongue. 7. The vegetables need washing and peeling. 8. This knife is only for cutting bread. 9. I translated the text without using the dictionary. 10. Nick is very good at cooking. 11. I'm hungry. I'm looking forward to having lunch. 12. Ann didn't succeed in passing the exams. 13. The guests thanked the waiter for serving them so quickly. 14. I insist on your coming to my party. 15. They gave up the idea of finding a job in this town. 16. Instead of eating at home we went to a restaurant. 17. Bill left without finishing his dinner. 18. Speaking English is easier than reading it. 19. It's no use crying over spilt milk. 20. Forgive my interrupting you.
Дополните предложения словосочетаниями из рамки, заменяя глаголы герундием:
to wait for my friend, to smoke here, to go to theatres, to cook meat dishes,
to fry food, to make cakes, to open the window, to have coffee, to eat more vegetables, to travel, to learn foreign languages
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1.I enjoy .... 2. They finished .... 3. She started .... 4. They need .... 5. I don't mind .... 6. Go on ...! 7. He didn't stop .... 8. Do you mind ...? 9. My mother likes .... 10. I avoid .... 11. My sister hates ....
Вопросы для самопроверки к разделу 8.
Дайте определение инфинитива.
Назовите функции инфинитива в предложении и приведите примеры.
Дайте определение герундия.
Назовите функции герундия в предложении и приведите примеры.
Назовите глаголы, требующие употребления герундия.
Назовите глаголы и выражения, требующие употребления герундия с определёнными предлогами.
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