В. В. Сдобников, А. В. Селяев, С. Н. Чекунова
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Федеральное агентство по образованию Российской Федерации НИЖЕГОРОДСКИЙ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЙ ЛИНГВИСТИЧЕСКИЙ УНИВЕРСИТЕТ Им. Н.А.Добролюбова В.В. Сдобников, А.В. Селяев, С.Н.Чекунова ПРАКТИКУМпо КОММЕРЧЕСКОМУ ПЕРЕВОДУ АНГЛИЙСКИЙ ЯЗЫК Под общей радакциейдоктора филологических наук, профессора М.П.Ивашкина Рекомендовано Учебно-методическим объединением по образованию в области лингвистики Министерства образования и науки Российской Федерации в качестве учебного пособия для студентов лингвистических вузов и вузов экономического профиля Нижний Новгород 2005 ББК 81.432.1-923С 276 Печатается по решению редакционно-издательского совета Нижегородского государственного лингвистического университета им. Н.А.Добролюбова С 276 В.В.Сдобников, А.в.Селяев, С.Н.Чекунова. Практикум по коммерческому переводу. Английский язык / Под общей редакцией М.П.Ивашкина. – Нижний Новгород: НГЛУ им. Н.А.Добролюбова, 2003. - с. ISBN 5-85839-055-2 Настоящий практикум предназначен для ознакомления учащихся с особенностями составления и перевода коммерческой корреспонденции на английском языке и с правилами перевода с английского языка на русский и с русского языка на английский таких коммерческих и юридических документов, как контрасты, документы по страхованию, аккредитивы, документы совместного предприятия, «Международные правила толкования торговых терминов». Практикум представляет собой первую часть единого учебно-методического комплекса, в который входит также «Учебник коммерческого перевода. Английский язык» (авторы: С.А.Семко, В.в.Сдобников, С.Н.Чекунова) Практикум предназначен для студентов переводческих факультетов, факультетов иностранных языков языковых вузов, обучающихся по специальности 022900 – Перевод и переводоведение, а также для студентов неязыковых вузов и всех изучающих английский язык. Р е ц е н з е н т: докт. филол. наук, профессор В.М.Бухаров (Нижегородский государственный лингвистический университет им. Н.А.Добролюбова) © Издательство НГЛУ им. Н.А.Добролюбова, 2005 © Сдобников В.В., Селяев А.В., Чекунова С.Н., 2005 ISBN 5-85839-055-2 Содержание Unit 1. Make-up of a Business Letter. Оформление делового письма............................. 4 Unit 2. Simple Commercial Letters. Простые коммерческие письма..........................18 Unit 3. Enquiries. Запросы...............................................................27 Unit 4. Offers. Коммерческие предложения...............................40 Unit 5. Orders. Заказы.................................................................52 Unit 6. Claims. Претензии и рекламации.....................................61 Unit 7. Contract. Контракт...........................................................80 Unit 8. Ocean Marine Insurance. Документы по морскому страхованию…………… Unit 9. Methods of Payment. Формы платежа……………………………………… Unit 10. Joint Venture Documents Документы совместного предприятия ...............109 Unit 11. Federal law on joint-stock companies………….. Appendix 1. Additional Texts for Translation............124 Appendix 2. Extract from “International Rules for Interpretation of Trade Terms”..........................…………………..........132 Appendix 3. Abbreviations. (1) Geographic Names.................................141 (2) International and National Organizations and Agencies....................143 (3) Academic Degrees..................................148 (4) Abbreviations Used in Commercial Documents.........................149 Список рекомендуемых словарей и пособий.....................161
A neatly arranged letter will certainly make a better impression on the reader. The layout of business and private letters are more or less common in all countries. There are eight parts in a letter: 1. the letterhead; 2. the return address; 3. the date; 4. the inside address (i.e., the recipient's name and address); 5. the opening salutation; 6. the body of the letter; 7. the closing salutation; 8. the signature. LAYOUT OF A LETTER
American office workers prefer to arrange the elements of a letter in so called FULL BLOCK STYLE. Here is an example:
1. Letterhead Letterhead refers both to the high-grade paper used for business letters and to the company insignia, trade name or product name printed at the top of each sheet. The printed information also includes the company name, address and the telephone number. More detailed letterheads may list the name and title of an executive officer, the name of a department, or the company's cable address. 2. Sender's (return) address When business letters are written on plain paper, the writer's address must be typed in place of the printed letterhead. The return address includes the writer's street address, city, state, and ZIP code. This information is typed immediately above the date of the letter in block style, single space: 371 Woodbine Boulevard Spokane, Washington 99212 October 10, 1997 3. Date The date is placed under the heading of the sender's address, usually one ot two spaces. In Great Britain and in many countries the date at the head of the letter may be written in the following way: 12th March, 1997 or March 12th, 1997 or 12 March, 1997 In the USA the date is written so: March 12, 1997 This style of writing the date is becoming adopted in Great Britain and other countries. 4. Inside address The complete name and address of the intended recipient is called the INSIDE ADDRESS. It is typed at the left margin. A complete inside address written to individuals includes either of the following: name of individual Mr. James C. Garven title or department Vice President name of company Fairchild Business Products street address 82303 Kensington Road city, state, ZIP code Tacoma, WA 98412 An appropriate title, such as Dr., Miss, Mr., Mrs. or Ms. should precede the names of individuals. Ms. should be used when the marital status of a woman is not known or when she indicates that she prefers it, as by signing a letter Ms. Jane Thomas. Mr. should be used when the addressee's name could be that of a man or woman. A complete inside address for letters written to companies includes either of the following: name of company International Biscuits Corp. department name Advertising Department street address 201 North Main Street city, state, ZIP code Baton Rouge, LA 70807 A full recipient's address on the letter and envelope should consist of not more than six lines. 5. Opening salutation The salutation, or greeting, is typed at the left margin a double space below the inside address or attention line. Usually, a colon follows the salutation (if written in the USA). Mrs. Janet K. LaCroix 1427 North Broadway Lincoln, NE 68529 Dear Mrs. LaCroix: The following salutations meet the majority of letterwriting needs:
The salutation GENTLEMEN is used when a letter is addressed to a company with an attention line to an individual or department. If GENTLEMEN seems awkward or inappropriate because the letter is addressed to the attention of a woman, it is best to eliminate the attention line and address the letter to the woman, rather than the company. 6. Closing salutation The complimentary, or formal, closing of a letter is typed double space below the last line of the body. Depending on a style it may be typed either at the left margin or beginning at the center of the page. The following closings are customarily used in business correspondence: Cordially Yours sincerely Cordially yours Faithfully Respectfully Faithfully yours Respectfully yours Truly yours Sincerely Yours truly Sincerely yours Very truly yours Very sincerely yours 7. Signature Sufficient space should be left after the complimentary closing or typed company name to allow for the writer's signature. Three or four blank lines is usually ample space, but more space can be left if the writer has a large handwriting. SUPPLEMENTS IN OFFICIAL AND BUSINESS LETTERS 1. Attention line An attention line is used when a letter is addressed to a company but directed to a specific individual or department for processing. The attention line, part of the inside address, is typed at the left margin a double space below the inside address and a double space before the salutation. If typed in capital ot lowcase letters, the word "Attention" is followed by a colon; if it is typed all in capitals, no colon is used: Consolidated Chemical Corporation 24605 Bundy Drive West Suite 1401 Albuquerque, NM 87101 Attention: Mrs. Sara Hawkins But: Pacific Southwest Radio Corp. 5107 Avenue of the Stars Los Angeles, CA 90067 ATTENTION Accounting Department 2. Subject line The subject line refers to the topic of the letter and is considered part of the body. It is typed a double space below the salutation and a double space before the body. Depending on the style it may be centered on the page or typed at the left margin. Including an account number or case title the subject line helps the reader focus on the main subject. SUBJECT or Re (Regarding) may be typed before the subject and followed by a colon: Dear Mrs. LaCroix: SUBJECT: Account No 14701-K Dear Mrs. LaCroix: Re: Account No 14701-K SUBJECT or Re are not essential in the subject line, however, since the placement of information below the salutation indicates that it is a subject: Dear Mrs. LaCroix: Account No 14701-K Another example: Dear Sirs: Re: Letter of Credit No 12/1416 We have received your telegram... Уважаемые господа! Кас. аккредитива № 12/1416 Мы получили Вашу телеграмму... 3. Reference initials The typist's reference, the initials of the writer and of the typist, is typed on the same line with the signature or double space below the signature and is used to enable tracing earlier correspondence on a certain subject. First the initials of the writer are typed, then those of the typist: EAN/AB or EAN:AB EAN/ab or EAN:ab ean/ab or ean:ab 4. Enclosure notation When documents or other papers are to be enclosed with or attached to correspondence, an enclosure notation should be typed a single or double space below the reference initials at the left margin. Single enclosure: Multiple enclosure: Enc. Encs. Encl. Encls. Enclosure Enclosures Enclosures may be itemized for the reader's convenience, also, when there is more than one enclosure, the number may be indicated: Enclosure: Release Form Contract Enclosures: 2 or Enclosures (2) 5. Copy notation When an extra copy of correspondence is prepared - either a carbon copy or by photocopying - and distributed to another person, this fact should be noted on all copies for the addressee's information, when appropriate. The copy notation is typed at the left margin a double space below the last reference line: cc: William McDaniels CC: William McDaniels Copy to William McDaniels The complete name and address of the copy recipient may also be indicated on the letter, if appropriate: cc: William McDaniels Rutherford and Jones 17 Robbins Building New Haven, CT 06518 Copy to Bob Sarkisian Controller's Dept. When several copies of one letter are to be made and distributed, all names should be indicated in the notation: cc: John Fitzhugh William Hartford Elena C. Castagna 6. Envelope The envelope address ensures that the carefully written message will be received by the addressee. The use of optical character readers (OCRs) by the US Postal Service to scan addresses for delivery has encouraged more efficient mail distribution. Most companies have their return addresses preprinted an all company envelopes to match the design of the letterhead stationary. If plain envelopes are used, the complete return address should be typed in the upper left corner of the envelope, approximately two lines from the top edge and two or three spaces from the left edge. Postal notations such as AIRMAIL, SPECIAL DELIVERY, CERTIFIED MAIL, REGISTERED MAIL and RETURN RECEIPT REQUESTED are typed in solid capital letters in the upper right corner of the envelope below the postage stamp. Exercise Exercise: Lay out the letter elements in accordance with the rules:
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