The gerund
Ex. 1. State the form and function of the gerund. Translate the sentences into Russian.
1. Arguing over trifles is a waste of time. 2. Do you mind my putting down your address and telephone number? 3. She enjoyed giving parties. 4. She was very proud of being admired. 5. I shall never forget seeing the Swiss Alps for the first time. 6. I remember meeting him before the war. 7. I don't remember ever having seen him. 8. He had never liked being a military man and devoted the rest of his life to growing flowers. 9. He had a way of talking with women. 10. Before going on an expedition we had to test the equipment. 11. We've gone too far, there's no backing out. 12. There'll be some sweating to check it up. 13. Being alone in your country is worse than being alone anywhere else. 14. His being absent-minded was noticed by everybody. 15. There is no danger of it happening again. 16. It was a silly thing, his telling them the truth. 17. Is it worth while your trying to convince him of being wrong? 18. She never did a thing without consulting her solicitor. 19. He was reprimanded for breaking the rules of the game. 20. Can I rely on you setting matters right? 21. We must consider whether it is worth while accepting this proposal. 22. He was wakened by someone knocking at the door. 23. There came the sound of the door closing, then being locked. 24. Nora hated her husband always throwing his things about. 25. Nora, I can't bear it lying flat on my back and doing nothing. 26. He succeeded in taking first place in the speed skating contest. 27. He was charged with murdering Mrs Ann Baker, a widow of 45. 28. He was in jail for having killed a man in a fight. 29. Father didn't approve of my having rejected the offer. 30. He insisted on repeating the experiment to control the results.
Ex 2. Divide the following verbs into three groups:
1) verb + infinitive
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2) verb + gerund
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3) verb + infinitive or gerund
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Attempt, avoid, begin, bother, can't stand, choose, continue, dare, deny, enjoy, expect, fail, fancy, hate, have, imagine, intend, involve, keep, learn, love, manage, mention, neglect, offer, plan, postpone, prefer, refuse, regret, resist, start, stop, suggest, swear, trouble, understand, undertake, would like.
Ex. 3. Transform each pair of sentences info one with a gerund or a gerundial construction.
1. They are arguing over trifles. It's waste of time. 2. My watch doesn't keep good time. It needs to be repaired. 3. I remember the man. I met him in London. 4. She is always gossiping. I think she is fond of it. 5. Don't interrupt me. I hate it. 6. I couldn't answer earlier. Please, forgive me. 7. You've helped me a lot; I'm so grateful to you. 8. My mother is sure to interfere in my affairs. I'm against it. 9. You smoke too much. Give up this habit. 10. I may come in late tonight. Do you mind it? 11. I think you must see the film. It is good. 12. We must repeat the experiment. The professor insists on it. 13. He is sure to settle the matter. You cаn rely on him. 14. I am afraid to sign the document. I must consult my solicitor. 15. The gang was on trial. They had robbed a mail train. 16. First they interviewed him. Then he was offered the job. 17. John can't have left yet. Why, he hasn't said good-bye! 18. I'm being fooled down. I won't stand it. 19. You are trying to convince him of that? Is it worth while? 20. Don't treat me like that. I'm not used to it. 21. He was being spied on. He suspected it.
Ex. 4. Use the gerund in the active or passive form.
1. I prefer (drive) to (drive). 2. Stop (argue) and start (work). 3. He liked neither (read) nor (read) aloud to. 4. It's no use (cry) over spilt milk. (proverb) 5. Why do you avoid (see) me? 6. He tried to avoid (see). 7. I suggest (hold) another meeting next week. 8. He finished (speak) and sat down. 9. We insist on (send) him there at once. 10. He insists on (send) there instead of me. 11. If you can't turn the key, try (put) some oil in the lock. 12. He showed no sign of (know) them. 13. She showed no sign of (impress). 14. I was annoyed at (interrupt) every other moment. 15. You can't make an omelette without (break) eggs. (proverb) 16.He is thinking of (leave) his job and (go) to America. 17. She dreams of (invite) to the party. 18. After (read) this article you will give up (smoke). 19. On (introduce) they easily fell to (talk). 20. In (discuss) this problem they touched upon some very interesting items. 21. The equipment must go through a number of tests before (install). 22. The idea is worth (consider). 23. If you put your money into that business you risk (lose) every penny. 24. Imagine (live) with someone who never stops (talk). 25. He hates (remind) people of their duties or (remind) of his. 26. The boys were punished for (break) the window. 27. The old man could not stand (make) fun of. 28. Is there anything here worth (buy)? 29. You'd better consult the lawyer before (decide) to buy the property. 30. She was so eagerly looking forward to (give) the leading part to play that she was greatly disappointed at not even (offer) it. 31. Would you mind (put) your pet snake somewhere else? 32. By (work) day and night he succeeded in (finish) the job in time. 33. He has a scheme for (make) grass grow in winter. 34. He liked to do things without (disturb) anyone or (disturb). 35. She reproached me for not (keep) my promise.
Ex. 5. Supply an appropriate verb form and preposition (if necessary):
1. Alice isn't interested (look) for anew job. 2. Henry is excited (leave) for India. 3. You are capable (do) better work. 4. I have no excuse (be) late. 5. I'm accustomed (have) a big breakfast. 6. The rain prevented us (complete) the work. 7. Fred is always complaining (have) a headache. 8. Instead (study), Margaret went to a ball game with some of her friends. 9. Thank you (help) me carry the packages to the post office. 10. Mrs Grant insisted (know) the whole truth. 11. He showed us how to get to his house (draw) a map. 12. You should take advantage (live) here. 13. Laura had a good reason (go, not) to class yesterday. 14. Everyone in the neighbourhood participated (search) for the lost child. 15. I apologized to Diane (make) her wait for me. 16. The weather is terrible tonight. I don't blame you (want, not) to go to the meeting. 17. Who is responsible (wash) and (dry) the dishes after dinner? 18. In addition (go) to school full-time, Sam has a part-time job. 19. The angry look on his face stopped me (speak) my mind. 20. Where should we go for dinner tonight? Would you object (go) to an Italian restaurant? 21. The mayor made another public statement for the purpose (clarify) the new tax proposal. 22. The thief was accused (steal) a woman's purse. 23. The jury found Mr Adams guilty (take) money from the company he worked for and (keep) it for himself. 24. Bill isn't used (wear) a suit and tie every day. 25. I'm going to visit my family during the school vacation. I'm looking forward (eat) my mother's cooking and (sleep) in my own bed. 26. I have a good reason (be) late. 27. It's getting late. I'm worried (miss) my train. 28. I'm not used (drive) in the mountains. 29. Nothing can stop me (go) there. 30. I apologized to my friend (be) late.
Ex. 6. Supply an appropriate verb form and preposition (if necessary):
1. When Beth got tired, she stopped (work). 2. Would you mind (open) the door? Thanks. 3. The police officer told him to stop, but he kept (drive). 4. I enjoy (have) a long walk every morning. 5. I would like to have some friends over. I'm thinking (invite) them to a dinner party. 6. He told a really funny joke. We couldn't stop (laugh)! 7. Where are you considering (go) for vacation? 8. Sometimes I put off (do) my homework. 9. I quit (read) comic books when I was twelve years old 10. You can't postpone (make) that decision much longer. 11. I wanted to go to Mexico. Sally suggested (go) to Hawaii. 12. Tony mentioned (take) the bus to school instead of walking. 13. I appreciate (be) able to study in peace and quiet. 14. We went (sail) yesterday and enjoyed it very much. 15. Instead (ask) for help on each arithmetic problem, you should use your book and try to figure out the answers yourself. 16. I look forward (see) you next time I'm in town. I'll let you know ahead of time so that we can plan to get together. 17. Alice told us that she was tired (wash) the dishes every night. 18. The four-year-old was blamed (break) the glass candy dish. 19. I tried to prevent him (come). 20. You should listen to other people instead (talk) about yourself all the time. 21. What do you feel (have) for dinner? Does chicken and rice sound good? 22. Frank believes animals should be protected from hunters. He objects (kill) wild animals for sport. 23. Please don't argue (finish) your homework. Just do it. 24. Mario spent all month preparing for the tennis match, but in spite (practise) for many hours, he lost the match to Ivan. 25. She is thinking (become) a rock star. 26. I can't stand (watch) romantic films. 27. I have difficulty (get) to school on time. 28. He is good (organize) parties. 29. He is fond (collect) things. 30. He insisted (give) that job.
Ex. 7. Choose between the infinitive and the gerund.
1. I seem (to spend) my life saying good-bye. 2. I left the clothes lying wherever they happened (to fall). 3. She waited while Johnson went round (to shake) hands with everybody. 4. When they chanced (to meet) she always gave him a friendly smile. 5. As I stood (to wait) on the corner of the street, Gerald Sutton came by. 6. Саго sat (to stroke) the side of her glass. 7. I happened (to run) into her in the library. 8. Then a cricket ball came (to smash) through the window and rolled underneath the piano. 9. The print seemed (to blur) before his eyes. 10. I find plenty to do. I have a very nice neighbour. We go (to fish) and (to sail) together. 11. Tom never seemed (to want) his mother to know what he had been doing. 12. I woke abruptly from sleep and sat up (to listen). 13. Martha was out (to meet) her friend. 14. He doesn't seem (to know) what love means. 15. Dick considered her suggestion, and appeared (to find) it acceptable. 16. Her office turned out (to be) in one of the back streets. 17. So I sat (to stare) at the diary, as at a blank space in a crossword puzzle. 18. Jimmy proved (to be) a good teacher. 19. "So what?", she eyed me curiously. There seemed (to be) a faint foreign accent in her voice. 20. I sat (to wish) from time to time that he would just go away.
Ex. 8. Choose between the infinitive and the gerund.
1. I wished (to be) quite fair. 2. I expected (to find) him in the drawing-room but he wasn't there. 3. I enjoyed (to listen) to her talk of Viennese society in the days of her youth. 4. Reggie promised (to look) in. 5. I wanted (to cheer) him up. 6. Jerry was enjoying himself and did not want (to come) away. I suggested (to leave) him and (to let) him meet us at the station. 7. Everything you've planned (to do) is sensible. 8. Riley offered (to drive) into town and (to get) some coffee. 9. He longs (to settle) down and (to live) a quiet country life. 10. Kate avoided (to see) John alone. 11. You keep (to say) things in Latin and you know I can't understand. 12. He proceeded (to illustrate) this by his own story. 13. Her eyes were full and bright. She did not pretend (to hide) her nervousness. 14. Jack asked the stewardess for some stationery and, when it came, set about (to compose) a letter to his son. 15. Renny was often dead right, more often than I cared (to remember). 16. He sat there sullenly and refused (to answer). 17. I didn't mind (to think) about them a bit. 18. He had just finished (to strap) up a suitcase. 19. He did not hesitate (to employ) such methods. 20. We arranged (to meet). 21. He stopped (to whistle) and went into the bathroom to turn the water on for the bath. 22. His sister-in-law certainly needed (to look) after. 23. As I grew (to know) him I began (to like) him. 24. We can't afford (to waste) you. 25. I can't help (to like) Sophy.
Ex. 9. Choose between the infinitive and the gerund.
1. Arthur had managed (to do) it his way. 2. I couldn't resist (to buy) such a lovely hat. 3. She says she can't imagine not (to hear) his key in the lock. 4. I hadn't understood why, the previous summer, he had given up (to attempt, to see) Roger. 5. I notice that you took the trouble (to get) your picture into all the papers. 6. I have been meaning (to ask) you about it. 7. Then he condescended (to explain) himself. 8. He denied (to know) anything about the missing document. 9. Last week you mentioned ... us a different reading book. We're nearly finished (to get, to read) this one. 10. You certainly mustn't miss (to see) this wonderful film. 11. Mary tended (to be) upset by her failures. 12. Tears filled her eyes and ran down her cheeks. She did not trouble (to wipe) them away. 13. He is considering (to write) a book about his war experience. 14. She put off (to break) the news to her father. 15. Looking back on it, I think it would have been better, for all concerned, if we had never attempted (to interfere). 16. He got out of bed and prepared (to shave). 17. I wondered if you felt like (to come) out for a dance? 18. He had made up his mind (to confide) in Dick. 19. I considered (to paint) the ceiling blue. 20. He asked (to see) the cheque, and it was produced. 21. She couldn't go on (to live) alone in that great house. 22. I've got a fifty-percent chance of doing what I set out (to do).
Ex. 10. Put the verbs in brackets into gerund or infinitive.
1. I used (ride) a lot but I haven't had a chance (do) any since (come) here. – I ride sometimes. Would you like (come) with me next time? 2. Most people prefer (spend) money to (earn) it. 3. I resented (be) unjustly accused and asked him (apologize). 4. It isn't good for children (eat) too many sweets. 5. I didn't feel like (work) so I suggested (spend) the day in the garden. 6. Why do you keep (look) back? Are you afraid of (be) followed? 7. Do you remember (post) the letter? – Yes, I do. I posted it in the letter-box near my gate. 8. Did you remember (lock) the door? – No, I didn't. I'd better (go) back and (do) it now. 9. You still have a lot (learn) if you forgive my (say) so. 10. It's no use (try) (interrupt) him. You'll have (wait) till he stops (talk). 11. I'm for (do) nothing till the police arrive. They don't like you (move) anything when a crime has been committed. 12. He didn't like (leave) the children alone in the house but he had no alternative as he had (go) out to work. 13. I'm very sorry for (be) late. It was good of you (wait) for me. 14. I keep (try) (make) mayonnaise but I never succeed. – Try (add) the yolk of a hard-boiled egg. 15. Do you feel like (go) to a film or would you rather (stay) tat home? 16. He took to (get up) early and (walk) noisily about the house. 17. I liked (listen) to folk music much better than (listen) to pop. 18. The car began (make) an extraordinary noise so I stopped (see) what it was. 19. You'll never regret (do) a kind action. 20. He decided (put) broken glass on top of his wall (prevent) boys (climb) over it. 21. He annoyed me very much by (take) the piece of cake that I was keeping (eat) after my supper. 22. He kept (ring) up and (ask) for an explanation and she didn't know what (do) about him. 23. We got tired of (wait) for the weather (clear) and finally decided (set) out in the rain. 24. He made me (repeat) his instructions (make) sure that I understood what I was (do) after he had gone. 25. I suggest (leave) the car here and (send) a breakdown van (tow) it to the garage. 26. She apologized for (borrow) my sewing-machine without (ask) permission and promised never (do) it again. 27. I didn't mean (offend) anyone but somehow I succeeded in (annoy) them all. 28. He never thinks of (get) out of your way; he expects you (walk) round him. 29. You don't need (ask) his permission every time you want (leave) the room. 30. The police accused him of (set) fire to the building but he denied (have been) in the area on the night of the fire.
Ex. 11. Put the verbs in brackets into gerund or infinitive.
1. It's much better (go) to a hairdresser than (try) (save) time by (cut) your own hair. 2. I'd rather (earn) my living by (scrub) floors than (make) money by (blackmail) people. 3. I always remember (turn) off all the lights before I leave my house. 4. I'll never forget (carry) my wife over the threshold when we moved into our first house. 5. I regret (listen, not) to my father's advice. He was right. 6. We went for a walk after we finished (clean) up the kitchen. 7. Sometimes students avoid (look) at the teacher if they don't want (answer) a question. 8. The club members discussed (postpone) the next meeting until March. 9. Did Carol agree (go) (camp) with you? 10. The taxi driver refuse (take) a check. He wanted the passenger (pay) in cash. 11. The soldiers were ordered (stand) at attention. 12. The travel agent advised us (wait, hot) until August 13. I don't mind (wait) for you. Go ahead and finish (do) your work. 14. Keep (talk), I'm listening to you. 15. The children promised (play) more quietly. They promised (make, not) so much noise. 16. Linda offered (look after) my cat while I was out of town. 17. You shouldn't put off (pay) your bills. 18. The doctor ordered Mr Gray (smoke, not). 19. Don't tell me his secret. I prefer (know, not). 20. Could you please stop (whistle)? I'm trying (concentrate) on my work. 21. Did you remember (turn off) the stove? 22. Jack was allowed (renew) his student visa. 23. Pat told us (wait, not) for her. 24. Mr Buck warned his daughter (play, not) with matches. 25. Would you please remind me (call) Alice tomorrow? 26. I'm considering (drop) out of school, (hitchhike) to New York, and (try) (find) a job. 27. Sally reminded me (ask) you (tell) Bob (remember) (bring) his soccer ball to the picnic. 28. Alex broke the antique vase. I'm sure he didn't mean (do) it. 29. Mrs Freeman can't help (worry) about her children. 30. I appreciate your (take) the time to help me. 61. I can't afford (buy) a new car.
Ex. 12. Translate into English using the gerund.
1. Езда на большой скорости опасна. 2. Думаю, что этот вопрос не стоит обсуждать. 3. Бесполезно спорить с ним. Его ни в чем не убедишь. 4. Вам не хочется выпить чашку кофе? 5. Его ни в чем не убедить. 6. С нетерпением жду, когда снова увижу Вас. 7. Он увлекался чтением приключенческих книг и мечтал стать путешественником. 8. Нам всем надоело выслушивать твои жалобы. 9. У него дар рассказывать смешные истории. 10. Я не привык спать днем. 11. Лекция посвящена новым методам обучения иностранным языкам. 12. Что вы предпочитаете, ездить поездом или летать на самолете? 13. Ребенок боялся, что его накажут. 14. Я не понимал, почему она избегает говорить об этом. 15. Я помню, встречал его в Париже до войны. 16. Свидетель сказал, что не помнит, чтобы когда-либо раньше видел этого человека. 17. Он вынужден был извиниться за то, что подвел нас. 18. Простите меня за то, что не ответил на ваше письмо раньше. 19. Очень благодарен вам за то, что вы мне дали об этом знать. 20. Они продолжали опыт, несмотря на то, что были усталые и голодные. 21. Если бы ты бросил курить, ты бы перестал кашлять. 22. Неужели вы думаете, что он способен предать своих товарищей? 23. Как вы думаете, что помешало ему принять участие в чемпионате? 24. Что заставило его отказаться от мысли написать сценарий по своему рассказу? 25. Я поинтересовался тем, кто отвечает за организацию вечеров на английском языке. 26. Члены экспедиции Нобиле были уверены, что достигнут полюса. 27. Должно быть, она не рискнула отправиться с ними в экспедицию. 28. Он подумал о том, чтобы переехать на другую квартиру. 29. Нельзя было не рассмеяться при виде лорда Бебберли, переодетого в женское платье. 30. Какова причина того, что Бэббс был так расстроен? 31. Жаль, что я упустил случай посетить галерею Тейта, когда был в Лондоне. 32. Разве кто-нибудь отрицает важность изучения иностранных языков? 33. Терпеть не могу, когда спорят по пустякам. 34. Он уехал, не попрощавшись ни с кем. 35. Она не привыкла, чтобы; с нею так обращались.
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