Mental retardation

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Название	Mental retardation
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2. Say whether the following statements are true or false:

1) Traditionally mentally retarded children have been classified on the basis of intellectual capacities into six major categories.

2) The general characteristics of each of the categories are fairly well established.

3) The lowest category of mentally retarded children is the idiot level.

4) Children falling in the category of idiots are usually unable to care for themselves in even the most elementary manner. They cannot learn to dress themselves and may not, in many instances, be able to feed themselves in an adequate manner.

5) Imbecile cannot profit from the usual special class programmes and at an adult age are not able to take care of themselves.

6) In terms of IQ imbecile range is usually from 30 to 50.

7) In imbeciles speech functions are mastered, although they are very simple. Vocabulary remains at a very rudimentary level, he can learn to read a few words, and can, with considerable help, learn to write his name and a few simple words.

8) Ranking above the imbecile level is the moron – the level at which the greatest percentage of retarded children rank. The range of IQ is usually given as from 30 to 70.

9) Imbecile feeds himself and is attentive to his surroundings. Speech functions, even though at a lowered level, are usually adequate, and he learns to read and write at an elementary manner.

10) With proper guidance, training and help imbecile can eventually support himself, but he needs guidance throughout life.

11) Children ranking at a borderline level are not classified as mentally retarded, but they do have difficulties in making an adequate adjustment to the demands of daily life. The range of IQ of this group is usually given as from 70 to 80.
3. Continue the sentences:

1) Traditionally mentally retarded children …

2) The general characteristics …

3) The lowest category ...

4) Children falling in this category …

5) These children cannot …

6) In terms of IQ…

7) Speech functions …

8) Ranking above …

9) With proper guidance, training and help …

10) Children ranking at a borderline level …
4. Fill in the blanks with the words from the text:

Traditionally … … children have been classified on the basis of … capacities into four major categories: idiots, imbeciles, moron, and borderline. The exact limits of each of these … are not agreed upon by authorities. The general … of each of the categories are, however, fairly well established.

The lowest … of mentally retarded children is the idiot level. In terms of IQ the … is usually given as from 0 to 30. The diagnosis of “idiot” depends upon many factors besides the IQ… . The next highest category is that of imbecile. In terms of … the range is usually given as from 30 to 50. Ranking above the imbecile level is the moron –… at which the greatest percentage of … children rank. The range of … is usually given as from 50 to 70. Many individuals at this … marry and have families, but function best if they are given the continued support and help of an understanding person.

Children ranking at a … level are not classified as mentally…, but they do have difficulties in making an adequate … to the demands of daily life. The … of IQ of this group is usually given as from 70 to 80. Appropriate school programmes for such children are usually not available. This is unfortunate because they would … from specially modified school….
5. Give synonyms from the text:

- cannot do anything;

- primitive;

- average, normal;

- adaptation.
8. Make up one sentence with each word from ex I (2) and II (1).
9. Make up five types of questions on the text.
10. Render the text in English:

Для каждой из категорий умственной отсталости нет четких границ. Тем не менее, основные характеристики каждой из групп четко обозначены. У всех умственно отсталых детей речевые функции либо отсутствуют, либо находятся на очень примитивном уровне. Имбицилы могут научиться самостоятельно есть, но значительно позже, чем их нормальные сверстники. Дебилы даже могут научиться писать на очень примитивном уровне. Многие дебилы женятся и создают семьи, но наилучшим способом существования для них остаётся постоянная поддержка и помощь понимающего человека. Дети, которые относятся к пограничной группе, обычно не считаются умственно отсталыми, но у них есть определенные трудности в приспособлении к потребностям окружающего мира.
11. Make the written translation of the text.

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Mental retardation

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