FIRST AID STATION
The other day two medical students had a very interesting talk with Victor. Victor had graduated from the University two years before. He had been working as an ambulance doctor at the First Aid Station for two years. The two friends were greatly interested in the work of the First Aid Station. Victor was glad to answer their questions. Victor said that in case of an accident or a sudden severe illness calls were made to the First Aid Station which was on duty all day round.
The First Aid Station has many ambulances which are equipped with everything necessary for giving first aid and making a diagnosis. The ambulances carry artificial respiration apparatuses, different medicines, such as painkillers, tonics and sedatives; dressings, first aid instruments, such as pincers, scalpels, syringes and others; sets of splints and stretchers. There are special ambulances equipped with everything necessary for reanimation of the organism. All ambulances are radio equipped. This is a very important thing for the ambulance doctor, because it enables him to send the necessary information to the hospital, so that the hospital can prepare beforehand all the necessary instruments for an urgent operation, a blood transfusion or anything else.
The main thing in the work of the ambulance doctor is to make a correct diagnosis quickly. The ambulance doctor must have a deep knowledge of emergency surgery, toxicology, emergency therapy, obstetrics and gynecology, because he must always do his best to give the patient a proper aid on the spot.
While working as an ambulance doctor Victor had had some interesting cases. Last June, for example, a call was made to the First Aid Station. It turned out that a man had been run over by a car. When Victor reached the place of the accident he examined the victim. The man was badly injured, he had an open bleeding wound in his leg, his arm was fractured, there were many injuries, abrasions and bruises on his face and forehead. The man lost his consciousness and was moaning all the time.
First Victor tried to arrest profuse arterial bleeding; he elevated the injured extremity carefully and applied a tourniquet to it. Next he applied a sterile gauze dressing on the man's face and forehead to prevent contamination. Then Victor examined the arm and applied a splint to it. The injection of morphine and camphor having been given, the man recovered his consciousness, but he complained of nausea. It was necessary to transport the patient to the nearest hospital without delay, because the patient was in a very poor state, in which shock might develop as well. The stretcher-bearers laid the patient down on the stretcher carefully and in 15 minutes the patient was brought to the hospital. If the ambulance doctor hadn't given the patient emergency help, the patient would have died.
Once Victor had to give first aid to a boy who was badly burned. He removed only that clothing which was absolutely necessary. The remaining pieces of the clothing were removed from the burned surface with pincers. Victor didn't carry out any other measures to treat the burn, as excessive handling of the burned part could increase pain and cause shock. If Victor had done so, shock would have developed. The burn was covered with a sterile, dry dressing. Doing this Victor tried to handle the burned part as little as possible. As it was a severe burn involving the whole leg and the knee-joint, a splint was applied over the dressing for the immobilization of the injured extremity.
Just the other day Victor was called to a patient with myocardial infarction. Being questioned the patient said he had been suffering from a severe, squeezing pain in the substernal area for two hours. The patient had had such a pain before, but it had been relieved by nitroglycerin. This time the pain was much more severe and it didn't subside after nitroglycerin. Besides the pain radiated to the left shoulder and arm. The examination suggested myocardial infarction.
Victor came up to the ambulance and called up a thromboembolic team. Before the arrival of the thromboembolic team Victor gave the patient an injection of 1 % promidole and 0,1 % atropine, after which the pain considerably subsided. If Victor had not given the patient these injections, the pain would have been too severe. The thromboembolic team having arrived, the electrocardiogram was taken, the blood analysis was made, the prothrombin time was determined. The electrocardiogram and the blood analyses confirmed the diagnosis of myocardial infarction. The patient was transported to the hospital without delay.
Words:
Syringe - шприц
Emergency –неотложный
Gynaecology - гинекология
Injure – травма, повреждение
Abrasion – ссадина, царапина
Bruise – синяк, кровоподтек, гематома
Moan - стонать
Elevate - поднимать
Tourniquet - жгут
Nausea - тошнота
Excessive - избыточный
Joint – сустав
All day round — круглые сутки
For reanimation of the organism — для оживления (реанимации) организма.
This is a very important thing — это очень важно обратите внимание на перевод слова thing после прилагательного:
The main thing is to make a correct diagnosis. Главное — это поставить правильный диагноз
he must always do his best — он всегда должен делать все возможное
shock might develop as well — мог также развиться шок; to develop — развиваться, появляться.
Ex.1 Find English equivalents. Найдите английские эквиваленты.
Оборудование, первая помощь, студенты медики, закончил университет, круглые сутки, ставить диагноз, аппарат искусственного дыхания, оснащены радио, быстро, неотложная хирургия, стараться изо всех сил, потерял сознание, стонал, остановить кровотечение, осмотреть пострадавшего, положить на носилки, обожженная поверхность, перевозить пациента, сделать пациенту уколы.
Ex.2 Find Russian equivalents. Найдите русские эквиваленты.
To sterilize a syringe, syringes are sterilized before giving injections, an ambulance doctor must always have a syringe with him, emergency case, emergency measures, emergency surgery, emergency therapy, lectures in Emergency Surgery, to take notes of a lecture in Gynaecology, to pass an examination in Gynaecology, injured, to injure badly, to injure seriously, to injure slightly, to be injured in an accident, to injure one's arm, to injure one's leg, to injure the kidney, to injure the liver, abrasions, a slight abrasion, bad abrasions, to get abrasions while falling down, there are abrasions on the patient's face, bruises, many bruises, there are many bruises on the patient's body, to get bruises in an accident, bruises.
Ex. 3. Answer the questions. Ответьте на вопросы.
1. With whom did medical students have a very interesting talk the other day?
2. When did Victor graduate from the University?
3. Where had Victor been working for two years?
4. What do ambulances carry?
5. What is the main thing in the work of the ambulance doctor?
6. What knowledge must the ambulance doctor have?
7. What did Victor do to arrest profuse arterial bleeding?
8. Why did Victor apply a sterile gauze dressing?
9. What injection did Victor give the man?
10. What did the man complain of after he recovered his consciousness?
11. Why was it necessary to transport the man to the nearest hospital without delay?
12. What did the stretcher-bearers do?
13. What had happened to the boy whom Victor gave first aid?
14. How did Victor remove the remaining pieces of the clothing from the
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