When you leave school you understand that the time to choose your future profession has come. It’s not an easy task to make the right choice of a job. Leaving

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Название	When you leave school you understand that the time to choose your future profession has come. It’s not an easy task to make the right choice of a job. Leaving
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When you leave school you understand that the time to choose your future profession has come. It’s not an easy task to make the right choice of a job. Leaving school is the beginning of our independent life, the beginning of a far more serious examination of my abilities and character.

One of the most difficult problems a young person faces is deciding what to do about a career. There are individuals, of course, who from the time they are six years old “know” that they want to be doctors or pilots or fire fighters , but the majority of us do not get around to making a decision about an occupation or career until somebody or something forces us to face the problem.

Choosing an occupation takes time, and there are a lot of things you have to think about as you try to decide what you would like to do. You may find that you will have to take special courses to qualify for a particular kind of work, or may find out that you will need to get some actual work experience to gain enough knowledge to qualify for a particular job.

Fortunately, there are a lot of people you can turn to for advice and help in making your decision. At most schools, there are teachers who are professionally qualified to counsel you and to give detailed information about job qualifications. And you can talk over your ideas with family members and friends who are always ready to listen and to offer suggestions. But even if you get other people involved in helping you make a decision, self evaluation is an important part of the decision-making process.

examination / exam; written, oral, final, entrance; the Unified National Exam / the Russian National Exam (ЕГЭ)
take examination; pass an exam (=do well in an exam); fail an exam (= do badly in an exam)/ fail in Physics; revise / sit for an exam- готовиться к экзамену
get grades / marks in……..-получать отметки по…
abilities (talent) – способности, дарования
personal strengths – сильные стороны, умения
appointment- условленная встреча ; make an appointment; cancel an appointment
job (employment; work) ; JOB- это конкретная , выполненная работа, за которую платят деньги, а WORK понимается более широко, как процесс. CAREER означает прежде всего работу, и все словосочетания с ним отражают это представление. Таким образом, “career woman” переводится как «работающая женщина» ( а не как «женщина, делающая карьеру»). PROFESSION – это род деятельности, возможный только при наличии определённого образования ( юрист, врач, учитель).

job qualification – качества (образование + опыт) , которыми должен обладать претендент

job hunting – поиск работы; job hunting file – банк данных

occupation (trade)- занятие, род занятий, профессия; What’s his occupation? How long have you been in this trade?
position / post - положение, должность What post do you hold here? My future position in the company will include a lot of responsibilities.
business; on business; business trip;
employ – предоставлять работу; employer-работодатель; unemployed- безработный; employment- занятость; employee- служащий

employment agency- агентство по трудоустройству

boss; chief; head ( at the head of…); manager; supervisor ;

staff ; colleague; executive-подчинённый; senior /junior executive; assistant

join the company

hire- нанимать на работу

dismiss / fire smb. - уволить с работы; He was dismissed for neglect of duty.

kick out – вышвырнуть; get rid of- избавиться от…….

get the sack =be dismissed

quit ( leave the service) – уволиться

resign from; resign one’s job / position- отказаться от должности, уходить в отставку

redundant – не нужный; become redundant- попасть под сокращение штатов

apply (to smb. for smth.) – обращаться за помощью в трудоустройстве You may apply in person or by letter.
application- заявление ; application form- анкета для поступления на работу

an applicant- кандидат

reference- рекомендации

resume- описание образования, работы и опыта, по форме заявления о приёме на работу

advertisement- реклама, объявление
сontact – cвязаться с…..
counsel – давать совет, рекомендовать; counselor
vacancy- вакансия
responsibilities (duties)- обязанности

EXPRESSIONS CONNECTED WITH WORK:

1. Hours of work

To work shift-work ( nights one week, days next); shift- смена; day shift; night shift

To be on flexi-time ( flexible working hours)

To work nine-to-five (regular day work)
A full-time job (work that occupies five days a week usually from 9am-5pm)
Part-time (work that may take just 2 or 3 days each week or occupies only ½ a day)

To be a workaholic (love work too much)
I’ve done a lot of overtime – I’ve worked for more hours than usual (so I should be paid extra)

2. Reasons for not working / losing work

To go / be on strike (industrial dispute)
To get the sack (thrown out of your job)
To be fired (more formal than ‘get the sack’ (You are fired! )= to be dismissed from your job
To give up work (in order to study)
To be on / take maternity leave ( expecting a baby)
To be / take sick leave ( illness)
To take early retirement (retire at 55)
leave- отпуск; be on leave; be on sick leave

3. Getting work

CV (curriculum vitae) – a record of your employment, education and interests
To apply for a job ( fill in forms, etc.)
I am self-employed (you are the boss and own your own company)
A job share ( a job’s responsibilities and salary are shared, usually by two people)
On-the-job (OTJ) training –обучение по месту работы

4. Job satisfaction

Benefits- extra things a worker receives from an employer, in addition to a salary
salary=monthly payment for regular employment
wages= usually weekly
pay= used instead of wages and salary in the armed forces
earnings= money earned
bonus- премия
insure (against)- страховать; insurance
To be promoted (get a higher position) ; promote- выдвигать, повышать по службе

5. Idiomatic expressions

Бить баклуши - twiddle one’s thumbs. *We had to twiddle our thumbs for an hour while James was getting dressed.
Биться как рыба об лёд - struggle to keep body and soul together. * When Dan came to New York, work was difficult to find , and he earned hardly enough to keep body and soul together.
В поте лица- by the sweat of one’s brow . *=to earn one’s living by hard work.
Валиться с ног- be exhausted / be falling off one’s feet. *After this winter I feel exhausted, I really do.
Вводить в курс дела- bring up to date / put someone wise to. * Ashley stood beside her uncle at the barbeque, trying to bring him up to date. I thought that I had better put you wise as what’s going on here.
Вверх совершенства-the pink of perfection. * Her dancing was wonderful, graceful, expressive- the pink of perfection.
Взяться за дело- get down to business
Гнуть спину- break one’s back. *Father has broken his back trying to keep this business going, but all in vain.
Вылететь в трубу –come to pieces / go to pot. * Dick has let his business go to pot.
Жить не по средствам – live beyond one’s means. *They lived beyond their means, no wonder they have gone bankrupt.
Замолвить словечко – put a word (for). *Could you put a word for me, Nancy, when you see Mr Jacobs tomorrow?
Занят по уши – be up to the ears in work / have one’s hands full. * I can’t go to the theatre tonight, I’m up to the ears in work. Don’t ask me to do anything else, I have my hands full with the children..
Иметь (всего лишь) одну пару рук- have only one pair of hands. * I can’t look after the children and cook dinner at the same time, I’ve only got one pair of hands.
Мастер на все руки-a Jack of all trades
Тёмное дело ( махинация)- dark business

* to cook meals/ to prepare breakfast… * to lay the table/ to clear the table

* to clean the room/ to tidy up a room * to polish the floor/ to sweep the floor /

*

to hammer a nail to vacuum the floor

* to saw wood/ to chop wood

Household Chores

* to dust the furniture * to wash up/ to iron clothes/ to do the

ironing
* to empty the rubbish bin/ to carry * to cut with scissors

out the garbage * to mend/ repair/ sew / knit /patch/darn * look after/ take care of

* to fight harmful insects * to paint/ wash/ clean/ water * to feed birds /animals

*

to plant young trees and bushes * to weed (vegetables)

*
Working in the garden

to gather in crops * to be helpful in the orchard

*

to cut away (off) dead branches * to take away unnecessary(useless)

* to be fond of gardening things

*

to work in a greenhouse * to whitewash trees

* to build bird houses/bird-tables * to cart the dirt (rubbish away

* to shovel the snow off the street * to dig the ground/ to rake up the

leaves

What do you usually do at home? What does your mother / father/ sister…do at home?
What did you do yesterday? What are you going to do tomorrow?
What do people usually do in the garden in summer/ autumn/ winter/ spring?
What did you do last summer / ……/ at your dacha?
What are you going to do next spring / autumn /…./?
What do you like doing at home? What do you dislike doing most of all?
Do you enjoy working inside or outside more?

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