Программы подготовки специалистов среднего звена (ппссз) по специальности спо 40. 02. 01 Право и организация социального обеспечения Преподаватель: Раушкина А. В. Содержание
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| Express agreement/disagreement with the following statements. The Senate is the main legislative body of the USA. The Constitution of the USA sets forth the general process for making a bill into law. The first step in the legislative process is voting. In the House of Representatives, debate on most bills is unlimited. All bill must pass both houses of the Congress before it goes to the President. When receiving a bill from the Congress, the President has to sign it. The Congress has no right to override the presidential veto. 8. Find the English equivalents for the following: The aim of (права) is to regulate the conduct of human beings in society. The aim of (правовой) theory is (рассмотреть) the nature, origin and classification of law. The theory of natural law is based on the belief that there is a set of perfect (юридических норм) for human conduct and (законы) devised by men must be induced by these rules. (Закон) is a term which is used in many different senses. To (юриста) law has far narrower meaning - the principle recognized and applied by the state in (суде). The English (правовая система) has still been copied by many nations. (Судебный процесс) becomes the center of a contest between both parties in which one emerges the winner. By the time of (судебного разбирательства) each (сторона дела) should gain as much information as possible. 9. Choose the correct verbs 1. Students (are studying, study) law at the University. 2. He already (graduated, has graduated) from the university. 3, Last year he (graduated, has graduated) from the university. 4. The police (didnt find, havent found) the killer yet. 5. For about 10 years legislators (discussed, have been discussing) the bill. 6. Every year the State Duma of the RF (is passing, passes) a lot of laws. 7. In 1992 our country (ratified, had ratified) the treaty. 8. Lawyers (came, have come) to the agreement by the end of the present session. 9. You (are looking, look) very thoughtful. What (do you think, are you thinking) about? - I (think, am thinking) about retirement. - But you are only 25. You only just (started, have started) your career. - I (know, am knowing), but I (read, have read) an article which (says, is saying) that a sensible man (started, starts) thinking about retirement at 25. 10. Answer on the following questions: Can we live without laws? Why do we need the law? What spheres of life are regulated by law? Must people obey laws? What rules of behavior are accepted in the society? Do you share the idea that people should look only after themselves and take no care about others? What rules do you obey willingly? What rules would you abolish if you could? Do laws limit your personal freedom? Must all people study law at school? Do you feel that laws protect you? What law would you suggest if you were a Member of Parliament? Вариант 6 What are the sources of bills? Who can introduce the legislation?3. THE UNITED KINGDOM LEGISLATIONGreat Britain laws are made in Parliament at Westminster. The British Parliament consists of the monarch, the House of Lords, and the House of Commons. Their work is similar: making laws (legislation), checking the work of the government (scrutiny), and debating current issues. The House of Lords is composed of life peers and hereditary peers. The House of Common is composed of Members of Parliament (Mps).idea for a new law can come from a variety of sources: bills may be introduced by any member of either House (a "Private Member's Bill"), a Minister of the Crown (a "Government Bill"), by the general public ("Public Bills"), by an individual or small group of individuals (a "Private Bill").reading is the first stage of a Bills passage through the House of Commons - usually a formality, it takes place without debate. The short title of the Bill is read out and then the Bill is printed. The Bill is published as a House of Commons paper for the first time.next stage is second reading, the first opportunity for MPs to debate the general principles and themes of the Bill.second reading is completed the Bill proceeds to committee stage. Committee stage is where detailed examination of the Bill takes placel, clause by clause, determining the intent and impact of the bills language. This is therefore often considered the most important step in the parliamentary process for researchers aiming to determine legislative intent. It is at this stage that amendments are made. If the Bill has been amended the Bill is reprinted before its next stage.committee stage is finished, the Bill returns to the floor of the House of Commons for its report stage, where the amended Bill can be debated and further amendments proposed. All MPs can suggest amendments to the Bill or new clauses (parts) they think should be added.stage is normally followed immediately by debate on the Bill's third reading. Committee stage is where detailed examination of the Bill takes place, clause by clause, determining the intent and impact of the bills language. Amendments (proposals for change) cannot be made to a Bill at third reading in the Commons.process in the House of Lords is very similar to the process in the House of Commons. The bill will have a pro forma first reading, then a second reading. After the second reading the bill will normally be referred to a Committee of the Whole House. The bill then passes through a consideration stage and a third reading. In the House of Lords amendments may be made in the Committee of the Whole House, the consideration stage, and the third reading (this is different from the House of Commons where no amendments can be made in the third reading).the Bill started in the Commons it goes to the House of Lords for its first reading. If the Bill started in the Lords it returns to the House of Lords for consideration of any amendments the Commons has made. Both Houses must agree on the exact wording of the Bill. A Bill may go back and forth between each House (Ping Pong) until both Houses reach agreement.a Bill has completed all its parliamentary stages in both Houses, it must have Royal Assent before it can become an Act of Parliament (law). Royal Assent is the Monarch's agreement to make the Bill into an Act and is a formality. When Royal Assent has been given to a Bill, the announcement is usually made in both Houses by the Lord Speaker in the Lords and the Speaker in the Commons. 1. Finish the sentences according to the text and translate them into Russian language. The British Parliament consists of ____________________. During the first reading the short title of the Bill __________ The second reading is the first opportunity _______________ Committee stage is _______________________________. Once committee stage is finished, the Bill returns to the floor of the House of Commons for its report stage, where __________________________. Report stage is followed by ________________________. The process in the House of Lords is ________________. Royal Assent is _________________________________. When Royal Assent has been given to a Bill, __________. 2. Read and translate The Constitution of the Russian Federation defines the rights and freedoms of a human and a citizen, sets their priority when handling any questions, and proclaims the principle of equality before law and court. As for the federative structure, the Constitution contains the list of component units of the Russian Federation, covers the questions that are in the jurisdiction of the Russian Federation and those that are in the joint jurisdiction of federal and local authorities.articles are devoted to the bodies of federal power: the President of the Russian Federation, the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation, and the Government of the Russian Federation and also the judicial power of the Russian Federation. In these articles, the order and the terms of appointed and elected officials and the limits of their competence are defined according to the principle of separation of powers.the Constitution accepted on December 12, 1993 at the all-Russia referendum, full authority in the RF belongs to the President and bodies of legislative (two-chamber parliament - Federal Assembly), executive (Government of the Russian Federation) and the judicial authority, which work independently.President of the Russian Federation is the Head of the State; the duties of the President are listed, including his status of the Supreme Commander of the military forces of the Russian Federation. The Constitution also contains the text of the oath taken by the President of the Russian Federation when entering the post.Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation (the Federation Council and the State Duma) represents the legislature. The order of electing representatives for these chambers, their competence, terms of office are provided by the Constitution.Government of the Russian Federation is the executive branch. The Constitution determines the extent of its jurisdiction and also defines the order and the terms of office of government officials.power is implemented by means of constitutional, civil, administrative, and criminal legal proceedings. The Constitution establishes the principles of independence, irremovability and immunity of judges, thus providing for objectiveness and impartiality of the court.system of courts of the Russian Federation consists of: ·the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation; ·the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation; ·the Higher Arbitration Tribunal of the Russian Federation. Separate articles are devoted to the office of Public Prosecutions of the Russian Federation with functions of supervision and control, and to the procedure for adoption of Constitutional amendments. The Constitution regulates the questions of local self-government, including its authority and sphere of activity.and Final provisions regulating the promulgation of the Constitution and its enforcement are included in Part 2 of the Constitution. 3. Translate the following words and word combinations from the text to establish the principles of sovereignty and independence to cover the questions to be devoted to the bodies of federal power competence legislative authority executive authority judicial authority to list the duties military forces to represent the legislature to determine the extent of the jurisdiction immunity of judges objectiveness and impartiality of the court. supervision and control promulgation of the Constitution and its enforcement 4. Find the English equivalents for the following: принимать закон независимость светский разбирать вопрос провозглашать равенство судопроизводство сроки полномочий вступать в должность исполнять чиновник (должностное лицо) несменяемость (постоянство) предусматривать беспристрастность .приносить присягу 5. Answer on the following questions: What does the Constitution of the RF define and establish? What provisions does the Constitution have regarding the federative structure? What are the bodies of federal power? Who does the full authority belong to under the current Constitution? What provisions concerning the legislature are provided by the Constitution? What is the executive branch of the RF? How is judicial power implemented in the RF? What does the system of courts consist of? 6. Read and translate: Not Guilty (L.G. Alexander) Going through the Customs is a tiresome business. The strangest thing about it is that really honest people are often made to feel guilty. The hardened professional smuggler, on the other hand, is never troubled by such feelings, even if he has five hundred gold watches hidden in his suitcase. When I returned from abroad recently, a particularly officious young Customs Officer clearly regarded me as a smuggler.., "Have you anything to declare?" he asked, looking me in the eyes. "No," I answered confidently. "Would you mind unlocking this suitcase, please?" "Not at all," I answered. The Officer went through the case with great care. All the things I had packed so carefully were soon in a dreadful mess. I felt sure I would never be able to close the case again. Suddenly, I saw the Official's face light up. He had spotted a tiny bottle at the bottom of my case and he pounced on it with delight. "Perfume, eh?" he asked sarcastically. "You should have declared that. Perfume is not exempt from import duty." "But it isn't perfume," I said. "It's hair-oil." Then I added with a smile, "It's a strange mixture I make myself." As I expected, he did not believe me. "Try it!" I said encouragingly. The Officer unscrewed the cap and put the bottle to his nostrils. He was greeted by an unpleasant smell which convinced him that I was telling the truth. A few minutes later, I was able to hurry away with precious chalk-marks on my baggage. 7. Answer the questions: 1. Is going through the Customs a tiresome business? 2. What is the strangest thing about it? 3. How did a young Customs Officer regard Mr Alexander when he returned from abroad? 4. Did Mr Alexander have anything to declare? 5. Did the young officious Customs Officer believe him? 6. What did the Customs Officer do? 7. Why did his face light up? 8. What was in that bottle? 9. Is hair-oil liable (subject) to duty? 10. Did the Customs Officer believe it was hair-oil? : 11. What convinced him that Mr Alexander was telling the truth? 8.Translate : 3. Личные вещи обычно не облагаются пошлиной, если они не превышают определенной квоты. 4. В таможне багаж пассажира тщательно (carefully) проверяется (is gone through) таможенниками. 5. Иногда таможенники тщательно обыскивают (search) вещи пассажиров, чтобы предотвратить (prevent) контрабанду товаров (goods), подлежащих таможенному обложению. 6. Как только (as soon as) багаж пассажира проходит досмотр (is cleared) на него ставится специальная отметка (mark). 7. Мы превысили квоту и должны были заплатить значительную сумму (considerable sum) таможенной пошлины. 8. Мне потребовалось около двух часов, чтобы пройти все формальности на таможне. 9. Если у пассажира есть какая-нибудь вещь (item), которая подпадает под таможенные ограничения, его просят заявить о ней в декларации. 10. Только пройдя таможню путешественник может поехать в гостиницу или любое иное место. 9. Choose the correct verbs 1. Students (are studying, study) law at the University. 2. He already (graduated, has graduated) from the university. 3, Last year he (graduated, has graduated) from the university. 4. The police (didnt find, havent found) the killer yet. 5. For about 10 years legislators (discussed, have been discussing) the bill. 6. Every year the State Duma of the RF (is passing, passes) a lot of laws. 7. In 1992 our country (ratified, had ratified) the treaty. 8. Lawyers (came, have come) to the agreement by the end of the present session. 9. You (are looking, look) very thoughtful. What (do you think, are you thinking) about? - I (think, am thinking) about retirement. - But you are only 25. You only just (started, have started) your career. - I (know, am knowing), but I (read, have read) an article which (says, is saying) that a sensible man (started, starts) thinking about retirement at 25. 10. Answer on the following questions: Can we live without laws? Why do we need the law? What spheres of life are regulated by law? Must people obey laws? What rules of behavior are accepted in the society? Do you share the idea that people should look only after themselves and take no care about others? What rules do you obey willingly? What rules would you abolish if you could? Do laws limit your personal freedom? Must all people study law at school? Do you feel that laws protect you? What law would you suggest if you were a Member of Parliament? Вариант 7 THE US CONSTITUTION Form of the US government is based on the Constitution of 1787 which was adopted after the War of Independence. The US Constitution consists of 7 articles and 27 amendments. The first 10 amendments are called the Bill of Rights and were adopted in 1791 under popular pressure. The Bill of Rights is a series of limitations on the power of the United States federal government, protecting the natural rights and liberties, property including freedom of religion, freedom of speech, a free press, free assembly, and free association, as well as the right to keep and carry arms. In federal criminal cases, it requires indictment by a grand jury for any capital crime, guarantees a speedy, public trial with an impartial jury composed of members of the state in which the crime occurred.key feature of the US Constitution is federalism - the division of power between the national government and the states. Another major feature of the Constitution is the principle of the separation of powers within the national government. According to this principle the executive, legislative and judicial branches exercise powers that are largely separate and distinct. There is not a strict and complete separation of powers, the powers of the three branches overlap. Each branch has its own responsibilities, but no branch has more power than the other branches. There is the system of checks and balances, that is each branch has certain duties to check the powers of the other branches. This system was meant to protect against the extremes since it makes compromise and consensus necessary.legislative branch is called the Congress which consists of the Senate and the House of Representatives. It is the responsibility of the Congress to propose and pass laws. In the system of checks and balances, Congress can refuse to approve Presidential appointments and can override presidential veto.executive branch consists of the President, the Vice President, the Cabinet and the 13 Departments, and also of the independent agencies. Its responsibility is to enforce laws. According to the principle of checks and balances, the President has the power of veto to reject the bill of the Congress. He also appoints all Supreme Court Justices.judicial branch consists of the Supreme Court, 11 Circuit Courts of Appeals and 94 District Courts. This branch explains and interprets laws and makes decisions in lawsuits. It has the power over the other two branches and according to the principle of checks and balances can declare their actions and laws unconstitutional in case they violate the principles of the Constitution. 1. |
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